In September of 1862, General Lewis Wallace (of Ben-Hur fame) was
ordered to prepare to defend Covington, Kentucky and Cincinnati, Ohio,
following the capture of Lexington, Kentucky by Confederate forces. Martial law was declared in Cincinnati, and
local civilians were called in to help defend the city against an attack. Governor David Tod ordered the Adjutant-General of Ohio to send any available troops.
Several counties around the state offered to send civilians to Cincinnati. Only
men who had their own weapons were to respond, and the railroad was to provide
transportation to the volunteers at no cost to the men. Eventually these men
became known as “Squirrel Hunters.”
One
of the men who answered the call to go to Cincinnati was John McCardle, from
Erie County. In 1863, he received an
honorable discharge by Governor Tod. The document was also signed by Charles
W. Hill, the Adjutant-General of Ohio, and Malcolm McDowell, Major and acting
Aide de Camp. In 1908 Ohio legislators passed a resolution to pay each
surviving Squirrel Hunter a sum of thirteen dollars, as pay for serving as an
Ohio militia man. You can read more about Ohio’s “Squirrel Hunters” in an online newsletter from the Oberlin
Heritage Center.